Swimmer’s ear, otherwise known as otitis externa, is an inflammation or infection of the ear canal. It usually occurs when water remains trapped in the ear after swimming, creating a moist environment that harbors bacterial or fungal growth.
This is a common condition among swimmers, hence the name, but non-swimmers can also be affected. The most common triggering factor of swimmer’s ear is exposure of the ears to excessive moisture.
What causes swimmer’s ear?
As mentioned, swimmer’s ear is primarily caused by the entry of water into the ear canal, which creates a favorable environment for bacterial or fungi growth.
Other common causes of swimmer’s ear include:
1. Excessive water exposure: Prolonged or frequent water exposure can lead to water getting trapped in the ear canal, causing it to become moist, which is a favorite environment of bacteria.
2. Contaminated water: Swimming in water that is contaminated with bacteria or fungi increases the risk of developing swimmer’s ear and other infections.
3. Perforated skin in the ear canal: If you have existing scratches or abrasions in the ear canal, you are more susceptible to swimmer’s ear as these can create openings for bacteria or fungi to enter and cause an infection.
4. Moisture and humidity: Excessive moisture or high humidity in the ear canal, which is common in hot and humid climates or during activities that promote sweating, can contribute to the development of swimmer’s ear.
Is swimmer’s ear contagious?
No, swimmer’s ear is not contagious and cannot be spread even if you swim in the same body of water (i.e pool) from person to person.
Signs and Symptoms of Swimmer’s Ear
The symptoms of swimmer’s ear include:
- Itching in the ears
- Redness
- Pain or discomfort in the ear canal
In more severe cases of swimmer’s ear, there may be decreased hearing, drainage of pus (with or without odor), and swollen lymph nodes around the ear.
How is swimmer’s ear diagnosed?
Swimmer’s ear is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and visual inspection of the ear canal.
An audiologist or healthcare provider will ask you about your symptoms, including any itching, pain, or discomfort in the ear, as well as any recent exposure to water or activities that could have contributed to the condition.
During the physical examination, an otoscope will be used to examine the ear. Signs of inflammation, swelling, redness, discharge, or any other abnormalities can be seen during the visual inspection of the ear canal.
In some cases, a swab may be taken from the ear canal to determine the specific bacteria or fungus causing the infection. This will greatly help in recommending the appropriate treatment, especially if the infection is severe or chronic.
It’s important to consult an audiologist for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Our expert Alabama audiologists can rule out other conditions that may have similar symptoms and provide personalized care based on your specific symptoms and complaints.
How is Swimmer’s ear treated?
Prompt treatment of swimmer’s ear is essential to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.
Treatment usually involves the use of eardrops to clear the infection and reduce inflammation. In some cases, pain medication or oral antibiotics may be prescribed.
Taking preventive measures such as avoiding excessive water exposure and keeping ears dry can help reduce the risk of developing swimmer’s ear.
Can Swimmer’s Ear Be Prevented?
Yes, swimmer’s ear is a very preventable condition.
Here are some tips to reduce the risk of developing swimmer’s ear:
- Keep ears dry: After swimming, bathing, participating in water sports, or any activity that involves water exposure, make sure to thoroughly dry your ears. You can do this by gently tilting your head to each side to allow water to drain out. You can also use a soft towel or a hairdryer on a low setting to dry the outer ear.
- Avoid cotton swabs: Cotton swabs or any other sharp objects can damage the skin and increase the risk of infection.
- Use swim caps or earplugs: Wearing protective gear can help keep water out of the ears while swimming. These accessories create a barrier and lower the chances of moisture accumulation in the ear canal.
- Use earbuds or headphones with caution: If you constantly use earbuds or headphones, practice good hygiene by regularly cleaning them. Avoid sharing your earbuds or headphones with others. Remember, dirty earbuds can introduce bacteria into the ear canal and contribute to infection.
- Avoid excessive ear cleaning: Did you know that the ear canal has a self-cleaning mechanism? This means that you don’t necessarily have to clean your ears regularly. Excessive cleaning can disrupt the self-cleaning process and lead to irritation or injury. If you feel a buildup of wax or debris, consult an audiologist for safe and proper ear cleaning.
By following these preventive measures, you can significantly reduce the chances of developing swimmer’s ear.
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